ted智能手机会影响你的效率吗
粉丝1.3万获赞22.2万
相关视频
13:23查看AI文稿AI文稿when i waltzed off to high school with my new nokia phone i thought i just had the new coolest replacement for my old pink princess walkie talkie except now my friends and i could text or talk to each other wherever we were instead of pretending when we were running around each other's backyards now be honest back then i didn't think a lot about how these devices were made they tended to show up on christmas morning so maybe they were made by the elves in santa's workshop let me ask you a question who do you think the real elves that make these devices are if i ask a lot of the people i know they would say it's the hoodie wearing software engineers and silicon valley hacking away at code but a lot has to happen to these devices they're ready for any kind of code these devices start at the atomic level so if you ask me the real elves are the chemists that's right i said the chemists chemistry is the hero of electronic communications and my goal today is to convince you to agree with me okay let's start simple and take a look inside these insanely addictive devices because without chemistry what was an information super highway that we love would just be a really expensive shiny paper weight chemistry enables all of these layers let's start at the display how do you think we get those bright vivid colors that we love so much well， i'll tell you there's organic polymers embedded within the display that can take electricity and turn it into the blue red and green that we enjoy in our pictures what if we move down to the battery now there are some intense research how do we take the chemical principles of traditional batteries and pair it with new high surface area electrodes so we could pack more charge in a smaller footprint of space so that we could power our devices all day long， while we're taking selfies without having to recharge our batteries or sit tethered to an electrical outlet what if we go to the adhesives that bind it all together so that they could withstand our frequent usage after all as a millennial， i have to take my phone out at least two hundred times a day to check and in the process drop it two to three times but what are the real brains of these devices what makes them work the way that we love them so much well that all has to do with electrical components and circuitry that are tethered to a printed circuit board or maybe you prefer a biological metaphor the motherboard you might have heard of that now the printed circuit board doesn't really get talked about a lot and i'll be honest i don't know why that is maybe it's because it's the least sexy layer and it's hidden beneath all of those other sleek looking layers but it's time to finally give this clark kent layer the superman worthy praise it deserves and so i ask you a question what do you think a printed circuit board is consider a metaphor think about the city that you live in you have all of these points of interest that you want to get to your home your work restaurants a couple of starbucks on every block and so we build roads that connect them all together that's what a printed circuit board is except instead of having things like restaurants we have transistors on chips capacitors resistors all of these electrical components that need to find a way to talk to each other and so what are our roads well， we build tiny copper wires so the next question is how do we make these tiny copper wires they're really small could it be that we go to the hardware store pick up a spool of copper get some wire cutters a little clip clip sew it all up and then bam we have our printed circuit board no way these wires are way too small for that and so we have to rely on our friend chemistry now the chemical process to make these tiny copper wires is seemingly simple we start with a solution of positively charged copper spheres we then add to it an insulating printed circuit board and we feed those positively charged spheres negatively charged electrons by adding formaldehyde to the mix so you might remember formaldehyde really distinct odor used to preserve frogs in biology class well， it turns out it could do a lot more than just that and it's a really key component to making these tiny copper wires you see the electrons on formaldehyde have a drive they want to jump over to those positively charged copper spheres and that's all because of a process known as redox chemistry and when that happens we can take these positively charged copper spheres and turn them into bright shiny metallic and conductive copper and once we have conductive copper now we're cooking with gas and we can get all of those electrical components to talk to each other so thank you once again to chemistry and let's take a thought and think about how far we've come with chemistry clearly in electronic communications size matters so let's think about how we can shrink down our devices so that we can go from our nineteen ninety zach mara cell phone to something a little bit more sleek like the phones of today that can fit in our pockets although let's be real here absolutely nothing can fit into ladies pants pockets if you can find a pair of pants that has pockets and i don't think chemistry can help us with that problem but more important than shrinking the actual device how do we shrink the circuitry inside of it and shrink it by a hundred times so that we can take the circuitry from the micron scale all the way down to the nanometer scale because let's face it right now we all want more powerful and faster phones while more power and faster requires more circuitry？ so how do we do this it's not like we have some magic electromagnetic shrink ray like professor wayne zalinsky used and honey i shrunk the kids to shrink his children on accident of course or do we well actually in the field there's a process that's pretty similar to that and its name is photolithography in photo with irofy we take electromagnetic radiation or what we tend to call light and we use it to shrink down some of that circuitry so that we could cram more of it into a really small space now how does this work well we start with a substrate that has a light sensitive film on it we then cover it with a mask that has a pattern on top of it of fine lines and features that are going to make the phone work the way that we want it to we then expose a bright light and shine it through this mask， which creates a shadow of that pattern on the surface now anywhere that the light can get through the mask it's going to cause a chemical reaction to occur and that's going to burn the image of that pattern into the substrate so the question you're probably asking is how do we go from a burned image to clean fine， lines and features and for that we have to use a chemical solution called the developer now the developer is special what it can do is take all of the non exposed areas and remove them selectively leaving behind clean， fine， lines and features and making our miniaturized devices work， so we've used chemistry now to build up our devices and we've used it to shrink down our devices so i've probably convinced you that chemistry is the true hero and we could wrap it up there hold on we're not done not so fast because we're all human and as a human i always want more and so now i want to think about how to use chemistry to extract more out of the device right now we're being told that we want something called five g or the promised fifth generation of wireless now you might have heard of five g in commercials that are starting to appear or maybe some of you even experienced it in the two thousand eighteen winter olympics what i'm most excited about for five g is that when i'm late running out of the house to catch a plane， i can download movies onto my device in forty seconds as opposed to forty minutes， but once true five g is here it's going to be a lot more than how many movies we can put on our device so the question is why is true five g not here and i'll let you in on a little secret it's pretty easy to answer it's just plain hard to do you see if you use those traditional materials in copper to build five g devices the signal can't make it to its final destination traditionally we use really rough insulating layers to support copper wires think about velcro fasteners it's the roughness of the two pieces that make them stick together that's pretty important if you want to have a device that's going to last longer than it takes you to rip it out of the box and start installing all of your apps on it， but this roughness causes a problem you see at the high speeds for five g the signal has to travel close to that roughness and it makes to get lost before it reaches its final destination think about a mountain range and you have a complex system of roads that goes up and over it and you're trying to get to the other side don't you agree with me that it would probably take a really long time and you would probably get lost if you had to go up and down all of the mountains as opposed to if you just drilled a flat tunnel that could go straight on through well， it's the same thing in our five g devices if we could remove this roughness then and we can send the five g signal straight on through uninterrupted sounds pretty good right but hold on didn't i just tell you that we needed that roughness to keep the device together and if we remove it we're in a situation where now the copper isn't going to stick to that underlying substrate think about building a house of lego blocks with all the nooks and crannies that latch together as opposed to smooth building blocks which of the two is going to have more structural integrity when the two year old comes ripping through the living room trying to play godzilla and knock everything down but what if we put glue on those smooth blocks and that's what the industry is waiting for they're waiting for the chemist to design new smooth surfaces with increased inherent adhesion some of those copper wires and when we solve this problem and we will solve the problem and we'll work with physicists and engineers to solve all of the challenges of five g well， then the number of applications is going to skyrocket so yeah we'll have things like self driving cars because now our data networks can handle the speeds and the amount of information required to make that work， but let's start to use imagination i could imagine going into a restaurant with a friend that has a peanut allergy taking out my phone waving it over the food and having the food tell us a really important answer to a question， deadly or safe to consume or maybe our devices will get so good at processing information about us that they'll become like our personal trainers and they'll know the most efficient way for us to burn calories i know come november when i'm trying to burn off some of these pregnancy pounds i would love a device that could tell me how to do that i really don't know another way of saying it except chemistry is just cool end it enables all of these electronic devices so the next time you send a text or take a selfie think about all of those atoms that are hard at work and the innovation that came before them who knows maybe even some of you listening to this talk perhaps even on your mobile device will decide that you too want to play sidekick to captain chemistry the true hero of electronic devices thank you for your attention and thank you chemistry。
09:51查看AI文稿AI文稿sixty eight percent of teens sleep with phones under their pillows are right next to their beds it's the last thing they see before going to sleep and the first thing they see when waking up that little rectangle has become their whole world as a school counselor one of the biggest concerns i hear from parents is that their children are overly attached to their phones and often isolate themselves they hear scary statistics about the youth suicide rate and worry its link to what could see on their screens this is serious business if you're like most parents i talk with this probably scares you and it should， but i also want to assure you there is another way a healthier way to look at your child's phone one of the first things parents do when a child misbehaves or isn't getting good grades is to take away their cell phone they feel by limiting their exposure they can control their child's behavior however， we can't blame phones on all the things kids do so what's the solution how can we teach accountability but give phones more of a supporting role and not the director's chair the key is to shift our lens as parents and how we view our child's relationship with their phone just like a student who's hungry has a hard time focusing in school basic needs are essential in order to thrive your child's phone meets a different type of essential need it plays a major role in how they communicate and connect they often fill us their lifeline to the world our role as parents is to help meet our children's need to feel safe connected and confident online the first step is safety， but how can we help children feel safe online without policing their every move understand kids today have digital fears they worry about being cyberbullied shamed online for their opinions or simply don't know how to control what shows up on their screens you can create online safety by teaching them to trust their instinct if something or someone online is inappropriate bullies them or make them uncomfortable teach them to unfollow block and if needed tell a trusted adult the main goal is to create security with you so they feel they can talk with the adults in their life it will always be loved no matter what this means if your child receives a text from a stranger or an inappropriate advertisement shows up on their screen they feel safe reaching to you for help you'd be surprised how many of my students say to me i could never tell my parents to remember what was like to want acceptance from your peers kids today feel anxious if they can't respond to a text quickly enough my own daughter said to me mom they'll think i don't like them if i don't respond within a few minutes your child may also feel left out unpopular when viewing perfected images， uninvited parties or comparing likes and followers discuss all of this with them parents please stay involved in their digital world don't be afraid to set limits on usage， but focus on building trust with you helping them feel empowered that they can control what shows up on their screen without you looking over their shoulder every minute this empowerment is what safety is all about next connection did you know you could utilize your phone to enhance your relationship with your child consider this connection is more than being in the same space as your child connection is doing activities your child enjoys doing so they feel that their parent teacher or friend really understands them does your child like to play video games ask them to teach you their favorite one and then play it with them message them via text sending them familiar， acronyms and emojis but then teach them how you use to write notes folding them into an envelope shape and passing them at school enter their world to learn what makes them tick but also invite them into your world this is a fun and worthwhile method to connect with your child recently i had an experience that brought this home for me a teacher referred a student to me who was having harmful thoughts when the student entered my office i realized we had an immediate connection on her folder she had a sticker of the beetles one of my favorite bands i explained to her how i enjoy listening to a certain song and asked if we could listen to it together on my phone i played here comes the sun doo doo doo doo i know i can't seeing but it worked thank you thank you thank you yes it was quite the sight and sound as we both giggled and saying along then after creating more trust with this student i then showed her how and where to find true life saving resources on her own phone she grinned ear to ear as we built this connection through the phones we held phones aren't all bad and they do provide a unique way to connect confidence we help build confidence in children by teaching them to solve their own problems express confidence in your child that they can control what shows up on their screen how much time they spend online and they have the power to turn it off teens today spend an average of forty five hours a week in front of their digital screens twenty three percent report and addiction to video games during online schooling one parent contacted me frustrated she couldn't get her son to do his schoolwork because he was always playing games on his phone he felt isolated and bored and he turned to his phone for comfort as time went on teachers discovered that many other students were also struggling feeling sad lonely and even scared during faculty discussions we decided that despite our best efforts online our students needed to see us so we pull together and decided to visit each and every student through a teacher parade we decorated cars and drove through neighborhoods students and parents line the sidewalks and spirits sword they waved so we cheered and cried tears of joy at the same time for children trusting adults create safety being valued helps them feel connected once these students realize that relationships can continue even creatively their confidence increased once children feel safe connected and confident they naturally thrive with the ability to make wise decisions regarding phone use phones aren't all bad if we choose to use this amazing technology to build humanity unite solve problems and meet children's needs just as i express confidence and my students i have so much confidence from the parents of today， i know that if we as parents will follow these steps the next time your child sleeps they'll hug their pillow instead of their phone， but they are most likely to hug you thank you。
09:41查看AI文稿AI文稿i'm here to offer you a new way to think about my field artificial intelligence i think the purpose of ai is to empower humans with machine intelligence and as machines get smarter we get smarter i call this humanistic ai artificial intelligence designed to meet human needs by collaborating and augmenting people now today， i'm happy to see that the idea of an intelligent assistant is mainstream it's the well accepted metaphor for the interface between humans and ai and the one i have create is called siri now you know siri series the thing that knows your intent and helps you do it for you helps you get things time but what you might not know is that we designed siri as humanistic ai to augment people with a conversational interface that made it possible for them to use mobile computing regardless of who they were and their abilities now for most of us the impact of this technology is to make things a little bit easier to use but for my friend daniel， the impact of the ai and these systems is a life changer you see daniel is really social guy and he's blind and quadriplegic which makes it hard to use those devices that we all take for granted the last time i was that is how his brother said hang on a second daniel's not ready he's on the phone with a woman he met online like that's cool how'd he do it well daniel uses siri to manage his own social life， his email text and phone without depending on his caregivers this is kind of interesting right the irony here is great here's the man whose relationship with ai helps them have relationships with genuine human beings and this is humanistic ai another example with life changing consequences is diagnosing cancer when a doctor suspects cancer they take a sample sent into a pathologist who looks at it under a microscope right now a pathologist look at hundreds of slides and millions of cells every day so to support this task some researchers made an ai classifier now the classifier says is this cancer is this not cancer looking at the pictures the classifier was pretty good， but not as good as the person who got it right most of the time but when they combined the ability of the machine and the human together accuracy went to ninety nine point five percent adding that ai to a partnership eliminated eighty five percent of the errors that the human pathologists would have made working alone that's a lot of cancer that would have otherwise gone untreated now for the curious it turns out that the human was better at rejecting false positives and the machine was better recognizing those hard to spotcases but the lesson here isn't about which agent is better at this image classification task those things are changing every day the lesson here is that by combining the abilities of the human enemy machine it created a partnership that had superhuman performance and that is humanist ai now let's look at another example with with turbocharging performance this is design now let's say your engineer you want to design a new frame for a drawing you get out your favorite software tools， cad tools and you enter the form and the materials and then you analyze performance that gives you one design if you give those same tools to an ai it can generate thousands of designs this video by auto desk is amazing this is real stuff so now this transforms how we do design the human engineer now says what the machine what the design should achieve and the machine says here's the possibilities now in her job now the engineer's job is to pick the one that best meets the goals of the design which she knows as a human better than anyone else using human judge bay and expertise in this case the winning form looks kind of like something nature would have designed minus， a few million years of evolution and all that unnecessary fur now let's see where this idea of humanistic day i might lead us if we follow it into the speculative beyond what's the kind of augmentation that we would all like to have well how about cognitive enhancement instead of asking how smart can we make our machines let's ask how smart can our machines make us i mean take memory for example memory is the foundation of human intelligence， but human memory is famously flawed we're great at telling stories but not getting any details right and our memories they decay over time i mean like where did the sixties go and can i go there too but what if you could have a memory that was as good as computer memory and is about your life what if you can remember every person you ever met how to pronounce their name， their family details， their favorite sports the last conversation you had with them if you had this memory all your life you could have the ai look at all the interactions you have with people over time and help you reflect on the long arc of your relationships what if you could have the ai read everything you've ever read and listen to every song you've ever heard from the tiniest clue it could help you retrieve anything you've ever seen or heard before imagine what would that do if the ability to make new connections and form new ideas and what about our bodies what if we can remember the consequences of every food we eat every pill we take every all nighter we pull we could do our own science on our own data about what makes us feel good and stay healthy and imagine how this could revolutionize the way we manage allergies and chronic disease now i believe that ai will make personal memory enhancement a reality i can't say when or what form factors are involved but i think it's inevitable because the very things that make ai successful today the availability of comprehensive data and the availability for machines to make sense of that data can be applied to the data of our lives and those data are here today available for all all of us because we lead digitally mediated lives in mobile and online in my view， a personal memory is a private memory we get to choose what is and is not recalled and retained it's absolutely essential that this be kept very secure now for most of us the impact of augmented personal memory will be a more improved mental game maybe hopefully a bit more social grace， but for the millions who suffer from alzheimer's and dementia the difference that augmented memory could make is a difference between a life of isolation and a life of dignity and connection we are in the middle of a renaissance in artificial intelligence right now i mean just the past few years we're beginning to see solutions to ai problems that we have struggled with literally for decades speech understanding text， understanding image， understanding we have a choice in how we use this powerful technology we can choose to use ai to automate and compete with us or we can use ai to augment and collaborate with us to overcome our cognitive limitations and to help us do what we want to do only better and as we discover new ways to give machines intelligence we can and distribute that intelligence to all of the ai assistance in the world and therefore to every person regardless of circumstance and that is why every time a machine gets smarter we get smarter that is an ai worth spreading thank you。
